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Published by: Aled Warren

Bio: I am a History Graduate living in London and I like to spend my time watching film and TV and very little else.

 

summary=A physician who can talk to animals embarks on an adventure to find a legendary island with a young apprentice and a crew of strange pets

writed by=Chris McKay

audience score=11307 votes

Director=Stephen Gaghan

Jim Broadbent

🇧🇷🇧🇷🇧🇷 Amo suas músicas Sia ❤️. Movies | ‘Dolittle’ Review: Baa, Humbug Robert Downey Jr. plays the doctor turned animal whisperer in this dreary and misbegotten adventure. Credit... Universal Pictures Dolittle Directed by Stephen Gaghan Adventure, Comedy, Family, Fantasy PG 1h 41m At some point during its troubled gestation, the movie once known as “The Voyage of Doctor Dolittle” was renamed “Dolittle. ” Was “voyage” too fusty, “doctor” too fancy? Whatever the case, it’s too bad that the rest of this movie couldn’t have been ditched as well, or at least dramatically shortened. A dreary, overextended yawn, this is the latest movie to feature John Dolittle, the doctor turned horse whisperer that Hugh Lofting, a British-born civil engineer, invented during World War I in letters to his children from the front. (He also drew the illustrations. ) Robert Downey Jr., working an indistinct accent (Welsh? Scottish? ), stars as Dolittle, now a recluse, who in the wake of a tragedy has retreated to his manor in Victorian England. There, he lives with a computer-generated menagerie voiced by an army of actors who include Tom Holland (as a pacific dog), Octavia Spencer (an excitable duck) and Emma Thompson as Poly, a bright blue parrot with a battered beak. Poly spends a lot of time gently yet firmly bossing Dolittle around like a cliché of a wife, an interspecies dynamic that’s lightly amusing (and weird) to think about when things slow down. Dolittle’s wife died a while ago, as women often do in movies for children. The only living woman around is the young Queen Victoria (Jessie Buckley), a Dolittle partisan who’s been stricken by an enigmatic ailment. The dodgy courtier (Jim Broadbent) hovering nearby looks like he knows the answer, but because Dolittle needs something to do, he and his furred and feathered friends set sail for a cure. Cue the flat jokes, deep ocean dive and awfully long haul. Whales swim by, a dragon grouses, Dolittle’s zoo scurries and cracks wise, and so does Downey. No one throws scat or has an accident on the rug, although the live-action Michael Sheen amusingly hogs all his scenes as a Dolittle rival, while Antonio Banderas peacocks through as a pirate king. This is the fourth Dolittle movie and likely won’t be the last. The first, “ Doctor Dolittle ” (1967), a musical with Rex Harrison, was a box-office disaster; three decades later, Eddie Murphy stepped into the role, starring in back-to-back hits. Downey’s “Iron Man” muscle and the success of the Murphy films probably explains why Universal bid on an untitled “Dolittle” project to be written and directed by Stephen Gaghan, best known for unfunny political films like “Syriana” and “Traffic. ” Gaghan apparently ran into issues while making “Dolittle, ” leading the studio to bring in other filmmakers. Even so, the story remains thin, the performances wobbly, the laughs infrequent. The C. G. animals are watchable if transparently artificial, a plus. No real giraffe (polar bear, etc. ) needs to be abused to create another fantasy in which nonhuman creatures behave like cutesy, cartoonish versions of people. The charm of this fantasy has always been dubious and will presumably fade as the natural world continues to disappear and more and more species become extinct. Increased awareness of our contemporary environmental crisis may explain why, unlike the Murphy movies, this “Dolittle” is set in the past. Because if animals really could talk, they wouldn’t be pleasantly cooing and chatting us up as the world burned. They’d be screaming. Dolittle Rated PG for mild peril and a royal crisis. Running time: 1 hour 41 minutes.

 

I'm not gonna watch it all because I haven't watched the movie yet, but damn, they're talking about it as if it's worse than the Emoji Movie. My responses to the reasons. 10: Thank you for spoiling Endgame, anyway, I could see why people could get angry about this situation. 9: I agree, but I personally think that the plot felt like a sequel. Also, this might be an unpopular opinion but some of the jokes that arent elementary did make me chuckle. 8: I heard The Turning is worse than Dolittle, but thats off topic. 7: Its not that boring though. 6: WHAT? I thought the acting was fine. Not the best acting, but besides RDJs role, everyone tried their best. 5: no comment 4: The visuals look great, but I do agree that some of the animals look a bit off. 3: Again, some of them made me chuckle. 2: Yeah, his accent does seem a bit off. 1: 110% Agree, I freaking groaned at that scene. Overall: I thought the movie was mediocre but I do think that the 16% Rotten Tomatoes rating is a bit too much.

Ce a4 ce b6 ce b1 ce bc ce ac ce b9 ce ba ce b1 form. Sometimes you just want more for someone, even if they are rich, famous, and probably doing fine. Today, that person is Robert Downey Jr., star of Dolittle, in which he plays an eccentric doctor who can talk to garish, computer-generated animals. Dolittle is Downey’s first big feature film after retiring from the Marvel Cinematic Universe, yet he exhibits none of the trademark charisma audiences might hope for after ten years of Tony Stark (and a few years as a pretty fun Sherlock Holmes). Like a good fairy tale, the movie delivers Doctor Dolittle’s backstory via storybook illustrations: how John Dolittle and his wife devoted their lives to helping animals, could speak their languages, and how her death during a voyage at sea caused him to retreat from the world, becoming a hermit in his manor / nature preserve. He’s forced to abandon his agoraphobic lifestyle when two children intrude to tell him the Queen of England is sick, and if she dies, the successor to the throne has plans to take Dolittle’s estate from both him and the animals he safeguards. It’s perfectly inoffensive stuff, until Robert Downey Jr. opens his mouth and starts speaking with a bizarre Welsh accent, one that you’ll refuse to accept for about a third of the movie and yet somehow he just keeps doing it. It’s a performance that’s a bummer in more ways than one. Downey Jr. has excellent manic energy that makes him well-suited to playing weirdos and misanthropes, and plenty of folks are probably hoping to see him loosen up a little post-Marvel. Unfortunately, that’s very hard to do when you barely share the screen with another human being. This is where it helps to remember that Dolittle is a very expensive, high-profile kids’ movie, and that these days it’s quite rare to get such an expensive failure in this realm. The movie is mostly a vehicle for talking animals, and like any movie with talking animals, the menagerie talks too much. Some of this is mitigated by the fact that their voices are recognizable — Kumail Nanjiani voices a stubborn ostrich, Jason Mantzoukas plays a very annoying dragonfly — but the movie is also aggressively unfunny. The biggest laughs come from surprise at completely bizarre swings: a barely euphemistic dick joke; goofs about divorce and abortion (the ostrich’s dad says he “should’ve been an omelet”); and a bizarre dragon colonic, where Dolittle reaches into the giant lizard’s (obscured) rectum to pull out bagpipes and a set of armor. The best stuff is from human actors who briefly appear in somewhat villainous roles. Antonio Banderas plays the king of a foreign land with a bone to pick with Dolittle, and Michael Sheen is the doctor’s longtime rival. Both actors are no strangers to being the best part of whatever they’re in, and they continue the streak here. Unfortunately, this movie was a disaster before the cameras even started rolling. It was initially written and directed by Stephen Gaghan, a filmmaker mostly known for serious adult dramas like Syriana. Dolittle — then called The Voyage of Doctor Dolittle, much like the classic novel it’s based on — was retooled by two different filmmakers with more family-friendly bona fides, a process that works for some big-budget films, but absolutely did not help this one. It’s a mess. Dolittle is repeating history. The original 1967 Doctor Dolittle was a legendary flop that was also a notoriously troubled production, a bizarre role for its star Rex Harrison to choose and a questionable choice for all involved parties. Dolittle is much the same, a big disaster on a scale that’s rarely seen — although this time it’s not because movies are rarely this expensive. It’s because they’re often too expensive to really be a complete failure. These days, money doesn’t buy quality, but it often does buy competence. Just not all of the time. I do not regret my time spent with Dolittle. No one, as my editor reminded me, made me see it. This was entirely my decision. I do, however, feel preemptive regret on behalf of others, namely the parents who will be made to see Dolittle for what’s likely to be a total of 87 times come December. The movie is dreck made just acceptable enough for children with still-developing frontal lobes, one that would bore most adults to tears if it didn’t stop to do things like give a dragon a colonic. I will think a lot about the Monday night I spent watching it for another two weeks, and then I will likely forget it ever happened.

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多力特的奇幻冒险 知乎. Pojedete do ZŠ Vizovice. SEE remember horizon zero Dawn. Most enjoyable film in a while.
Great set of actors making a truly enjoyable movie, very funny. This was a really good movie of cource it had its problems but it was a great cast, great story and i had a blast. It is not something you have to watch but if you went to The movies this is a good choice.

How many members are want RDJ Come back to IRON MAN Please RDJ come back to iron man😟.
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You know... He could be a dolphin too.

Ce 9d cf 84%ce bf cf 8d ce bb ce b9 cf 84%ce bb 3. No humans allowed * A second human walks by a second later. Just burn it all down with a dragon at the end of the movie. This gonna be one hell of a movie when watching in Imax. Yoshi is always too cold. What if we nuke a city America : hmmm i think someone already done this. Where is Tom Holland. Oh one of the voice actors. RDJ always rocks.

Thorette: Planet in a bunch. Ce 91%ce bd ce ac cf 83%cf 84%ce b1 cf 83%ce b7 0. Learn more More Like This Animation | Adventure Comedy 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 7. 2 / 10 X Anna, Elsa, Kristoff, Olaf and Sven leave Arendelle to travel to an ancient, autumn-bound forest of an enchanted land. They set out to find the origin of Elsa's powers in order to save their kingdom. Directors: Chris Buck, Jennifer Lee Stars: Kristen Bell, Idina Menzel, Josh Gad Family Fantasy 7 / 10 A kind-hearted street urchin and a power-hungry Grand Vizier vie for a magic lamp that has the power to make their deepest wishes come true. Director: Guy Ritchie Will Smith, Mena Massoud, Naomi Scott 6. 7 / 10 Maleficent and her goddaughter Aurora begin to question the complex family ties that bind them as they are pulled in different directions by impending nuptials, unexpected allies, and dark new forces at play. Joachim Rønning Angelina Jolie, Elle Fanning, Harris Dickinson Drama 2. 8 / 10 A tribe of cats called the Jellicles must decide yearly which one will ascend to the Heaviside Layer and come back to a new Jellicle life. Tom Hooper Jennifer Hudson, Judi Dench, Taylor Swift Action 6. 8 / 10 When the world's best spy is turned into a pigeon, he must rely on his nerdy tech officer to save the world. Nick Bruno, Troy Quane Rachel Brosnahan, Jarrett Bruno, Claire Crosby 6. 2 / 10 After the animal communicating veterinarian goes too far for his clientele, he and his friends escape their hometown to the sea in search of the Great Pink Sea Snail. Richard Fleischer Rex Harrison, Samantha Eggar, Anthony Newley In rural 1977 Georgia, a misfit girl dreams of life in outer space. When a competition offers her a chance to be recorded on NASA's Golden Record, she recruits a makeshift troop of Birdie Scouts, forging friendships that last a lifetime. Bert, Bertie Mckenna Grace, Viola Davis, Jim Gaffigan 5. 8 / 10 A hardened CIA operative finds himself at the mercy of a precocious 9-year-old girl, having been sent undercover to surveil her family. Peter Segal Dave Bautista, Kristen Schaal, Parisa Fitz-Henley 4. 7 / 10 Dolittle must save a forest and a bear's life. Steve Carr Eddie Murphy, Cedric the Entertainer, Kristen Wilson 5. 4 / 10 A doctor discovers that he can communicate with animals. Betty Thomas Peter Boyle, Ossie Davis After the murder of his father, a young lion prince flees his kingdom only to learn the true meaning of responsibility and bravery. Jon Favreau Donald Glover, Beyoncé, Seth Rogen Based on Disneyland's theme park ride where a small riverboat takes a group of travelers through a jungle filled with dangerous animals and reptiles, but with a supernatural element. Jaume Collet-Serra Dwayne Johnson, Emily Blunt, Jesse Plemons Edit Storyline After his wife's death, Dr. Dolittle decided to hide from the world with his beloved animals. But he has to take a journey to a mysterious island to find a healing tree, which is the only medicine that can help to the dying Queen in Buckingham Palace. Plot Summary Add Synopsis Taglines: He's not just a people person. Details Release Date: 17 January 2020 (USA) See more  » Also Known As: The Voyage of Doctor Dolittle Box Office Budget: $175, 000, 000 (estimated) Opening Weekend USA: $21, 844, 045, 19 January 2020 Cumulative Worldwide Gross: $126, 618, 820 See more on IMDbPro  » Company Credits Technical Specs See full technical specs  » Did You Know? Trivia Nicolas Cage turned down playing the role of King Rassouli See more » Quotes Dr. John Dolittle: We've no choice but to embark on this perilous journey. See more » Connections Spoofs The Godfather  (1972) Soundtracks Original Performed by Sia See more » Frequently Asked Questions See more ».

Ś力特的å‡å¹»à ce jeu. Ντούλιτi.p. Ce a0 ce b1 ce bd ce b4 ce b7 ce bc ce af ce b1 2016. Ce 9d cf 84 ce bf cf 8d ce bb ce b9 cf 84 ce bb cream. Lets be real here, we all thought Dolittle would flop. However i have seen it. It is magical and wonderful. Good for all the family. 9/10. I personally loved Dolittle. I family movie with lots of laughter and joy. I recommend.

 

Ce a4 ce b6 ce b1 ce bc ce ac ce b9 ce ba ce b1 4. Ce 86%cf 83%cf 86%ce b1 ce bb cf 84%ce bf cf 82 download. DID I SEE JOHN CENA LINE IN THE END. James Doolittle Nickname(s) "Jimmy" Born December 14, 1896 Alameda, California, US Died September 27, 1993 (aged 96) Pebble Beach, California, US Buried Arlington National Cemetery Allegiance United States Service/ branch Aviation Section, U. S. Signal Corps (1917–18) United States Army Air Service (1918–26) United States Army Air Corps (1926–41) United States Army Air Forces (1941–47) United States Air Force (1947–59) Years of service 1917–1959 Rank General Commands held Eighth Air Force Fifteenth Air Force Twelfth Air Force Battles/wars Mexican Border Service World War II Pacific Theater Doolittle Raid Mediterranean Theater European Theater Awards Medal of Honor Army Distinguished Service Medal (2) Silver Star Distinguished Flying Cross (3) Bronze Star Medal Air Medal (4) Presidential Medal of Freedom Spouse(s) Josephine Daniels ( m. ; died 1988) Other work Shell Oil, VP, director Space Technology Laboratories, chairman James Harold Doolittle (December 14, 1896 – September 27, 1993) was an American general and aviation pioneer. He made early coast-to-coast flights, won many flying races, and helped develop instrument flying. [1] Doolittle did his undergraduate studies at University of California, Berkeley, graduating with a B. A in 1922 and earning a doctorate in aeronautics from M. I. T. in 1925. [1] [2] He was a flying instructor during World War I and a Reserve officer in the United States Army Air Corps, but he was recalled to active duty during World War II. He was awarded the Medal of Honor for personal valor and leadership as commander of the Doolittle Raid, a bold long-range retaliatory air raid on the Japanese main islands on April 18, 1942, four months after the attack on Pearl Harbor. The attack was a major morale booster for the United States, and Doolittle was celebrated as a hero. He was promoted to lieutenant general and commanded the Twelfth Air Force over North Africa, the Fifteenth Air Force over the Mediterranean, and the Eighth Air Force over Europe. After World War II, he left the air force but remained active in many technical fields, and was eventually promoted to general (4-star) years after retirement. [3] Early life and education [ edit] Doolittle was born in Alameda, California, and spent his youth in Nome, Alaska, where he earned a reputation as a boxer. [4] His parents were Frank Henry Doolittle and Rosa (Rose) Cerenah Shephard. By 1910, Jimmy Doolittle was attending school in Los Angeles. When his school attended the 1910 Los Angeles International Air Meet at Dominguez Field, Doolittle saw his first airplane. [5] He attended Los Angeles City College after graduating from Manual Arts High School in Los Angeles, and later won admission to the University of California, Berkeley where he studied in The School of Mines. He was a member of Theta Kappa Nu fraternity, which would merge into Lambda Chi Alpha during the latter stages of the Great Depression. Doolittle took a leave of absence in October 1917 to enlist in the Signal Corps Reserve as a flying cadet; he ground trained at the School of Military Aeronautics (an Army school) on the campus of the University of California, and flight-trained at Rockwell Field, California. Doolittle received his Reserve Military Aviator rating and was commissioned a second lieutenant in the Signal Officers Reserve Corps of the U. Army on March 11, 1918. Military career [ edit] During World War I, Doolittle stayed in the United States as a flight instructor and performed his war service at Camp John Dick Aviation Concentration Center ("Camp Dick"), Texas; Wright Field, Ohio; Gerstner Field, Louisiana; Rockwell Field, California; Kelly Field, Texas and Eagle Pass, Texas. Doolittle's service at Rockwell Field consisted of duty as a flight leader and gunnery instructor. At Kelly Field, he served with the 104th Aero Squadron and with the 90th Aero Squadron of the 1st Surveillance Group. His detachment of the 90th Aero Squadron was based at Eagle Pass, patrolling the Mexican border. Recommended by three officers for retention in the Air Service during demobilization at the end of the war, Doolittle qualified by examination and received a Regular Army commission as a 1st Lieutenant, Air Service, on July 1, 1920. On May 10, 1921, he was engineering officer and pilot for an expedition recovering a plane that had force-landed in a Mexican canyon on February 10 during a transcontinental flight attempt by Lieut. Alexander Pearson. Doolittle reached the plane on May 3 and found it serviceable, then returned May 8 with a replacement motor and four mechanics. The oil pressure of the new motor was inadequate and Doolittle requested two pressure gauges, using carrier pigeons to communicate. The additional parts were dropped by air and installed, and Doolittle flew the plane to Del Rio, Texas himself, taking off from a 400-yard airstrip hacked out of the canyon floor. Subsequently, he attended the Air Service Mechanical School at Kelly Field and the Aeronautical Engineering Course at McCook Field, Ohio. Having at last returned to complete his college degree, he earned a Bachelor of Arts from the University of California, Berkeley in 1922, and joined the Lambda Chi Alpha fraternity. Doolittle was one of the most famous pilots during the inter-war period. In September 1922, he made the first of many pioneering flights, flying a de Havilland DH-4 – which was equipped with early navigational instruments – in the first cross-country flight, from Pablo Beach (now Jacksonville Beach), Florida, to Rockwell Field, San Diego, California, in 21 hours and 19 minutes, making only one refueling stop at Kelly Field. The U. Army awarded him the Distinguished Flying Cross. Doolittle in a pre-World War II photo Within days after the transcontinental flight, he was at the Air Service Engineering School (a precursor to the Air Force Institute of Technology) at McCook Field, Dayton, Ohio. For Doolittle, the school assignment had special significance: "In the early '20s, there was not complete support between the flyers and the engineers. The pilots thought the engineers were a group of people who zipped slide rules back and forth, came out with erroneous results and bad aircraft; and the engineers thought the pilots were crazy – otherwise they wouldn't be pilots. So some of us who had previous engineering training were sent to the engineering school at old McCook Field.... After a year's training there in practical aeronautical engineering, some of us were sent on to MIT where we took advanced degrees in aeronautical engineering. I believe that the purpose was served, that there was thereafter a better understanding between pilots and engineers. " In July 1923, after serving as a test pilot and aeronautical engineer at McCook Field, Doolittle entered the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. In March 1924, he conducted aircraft acceleration tests at McCook Field, which became the basis of his master's thesis and led to his second Distinguished Flying Cross. He received his S. M. in Aeronautics from MIT in June 1924. Because the Army had given him two years to get his degree and he had done it in just one, he immediately started working on his Sc. D. in Aeronautics, which he received in June 1925. His doctorate in aeronautical engineering was the first ever issued in the United States. [6] He said that he considered his master's work more significant than his doctorate. Following graduation, Doolittle attended special training in high-speed seaplanes at Naval Air Station Anacostia in Washington, D. C.. He also served with the Naval Test Board at Mitchel Field, Long Island, New York, and was a familiar figure in air speed record attempts in the New York area. He won the Schneider Cup race in a Curtiss R3C in 1925 with an average speed of 232 MPH. [7] For that feat, Doolittle was awarded the Mackay Trophy in 1926. In April 1926, Doolittle was given a leave of absence to go to South America to perform demonstration flights. In Chile, he broke both ankles, but put his P-1 Hawk through aerial maneuvers with his ankles in casts. He returned to the United States, and was confined to Walter Reed Army Hospital for his injuries until April 1927. Doolittle was then assigned to McCook Field for experimental work, with additional duty as an instructor pilot to the 385th Bomb Squadron of the Air Corps Reserve. During this time, in 1927 he was the first to perform an outside loop, previously thought to be a fatal maneuver. Carried out in a Curtiss fighter at Wright Field in Ohio, Doolittle executed the dive from 10, 000 feet, reached 280 miles per hour, bottomed out upside down, then climbed and completed the loop. Instrument flight [ edit] Doolittle's most important contribution to aeronautical technology were his early contributions to instrument flying. He was the first to recognize that true operational freedom in the air could not be achieved unless pilots developed the ability to control and navigate aircraft in flight, from takeoff run to landing rollout, regardless of the range of vision from the cockpit. Doolittle was the first to envision that a pilot could be trained to use instruments to fly through fog, clouds, precipitation of all forms, darkness, or any other impediment to visibility; and in spite of the pilot's own possibly convoluted motion sense inputs. Even at this early stage, the ability to control aircraft was getting beyond the motion sense capability of the pilot. That is, as aircraft became faster and more maneuverable, pilots could become seriously disoriented without visual cues from outside the cockpit, because aircraft could move in ways that pilots' senses could not accurately decipher. Doolittle was also the first to recognize these psycho-physiological limitations of the human senses (particularly the motion sense inputs, i. e., up, down, left, right). He initiated the study of the subtle interrelationships between the psychological effects of visual cues and motion senses. His research resulted in programs that trained pilots to read and understand navigational instruments. A pilot learned to "trust his instruments, " not his senses, as visual cues and his motion sense inputs (what he sensed and "felt") could be incorrect or unreliable. In 1929, he became the first pilot to take off, fly and land an airplane using instruments alone, without a view outside the cockpit. Having returned to Mitchel Field that September, he assisted in the development of fog flying equipment. He helped develop, and was then the first to test, the now universally used artificial horizon and directional gyroscope. He attracted wide newspaper attention with this feat of "blind" flying and later received the Harmon Trophy for conducting the experiments. These accomplishments made all-weather airline operations practical. Reserve status [ edit] In January 1930, he advised the Army on the construction of Floyd Bennett Field in New York City. Doolittle resigned his regular commission on February 15, 1930, and was commissioned a Major in the Air Reserve Corps a month later, being named manager of the Aviation Department of Shell Oil Company, in which capacity he conducted numerous aviation tests. [8] While in the Reserve, he also returned to temporary active duty with the Army frequently to conduct tests. Doolittle helped influence Shell Oil Company to produce the first quantities of 100 octane aviation gasoline. High octane fuel was crucial to the high-performance planes that were developed in the late 1930s. In 1931, Doolittle won the first Bendix Trophy race from Burbank, California, to Cleveland, in a Laird Super Solution biplane. In 1932, Doolittle set the world's high speed record for land planes at 296 miles per hour in the Shell Speed Dash. Later, he took the Thompson Trophy race at Cleveland in the notorious Gee Bee R-1 racer with a speed averaging 252 miles per hour. After having won the three big air racing trophies of the time, the Schneider, Bendix, and Thompson, he officially retired from air racing stating, "I have yet to hear anyone engaged in this work dying of old age. " In April 1934, Doolittle was selected to be a member of the Baker Board. Chaired by former Secretary of War Newton D. Baker, the board was convened during the Air Mail scandal to study Air Corps organization. In 1940, he became president of the Institute of Aeronautical Science. Doolittle returned to active duty in the U. Army Air Corps on July 1, 1940 with rank of Major. He was assigned as the assistant district supervisor of the Central Air Corps Procurement District at Indianapolis, and Detroit, where he worked with large auto manufacturers on the conversion of their plants for production of planes. [9] The following August, he went to England as a member of a special mission and brought back information about other countries' air forces and military build-ups. Doolittle Raid [ edit] Then-Lt. Col. James H. Doolittle, USAAF (2nd left), and his Crew just before takeoff for the mission. From left to right: Lt. Henry A. Potter, navigator; Doolittle, pilot; SSgt. Fred A. Braemer, bombardier; Lt. Richard E. Cole, copilot; SSgt. Paul J. Leonard, flight engineer/gunner. On USS  Hornet   (CV-8), 18 April 1942. Lt. Doolittle (front), leader of the raiding force, wires a Japanese medal to a 500-pound bomb during ceremonies on the flight deck of USS  Hornet   (CV-8), shortly before his force of sixteen B-25B bombers took off to bomb Japan. The planes were launched on April 18, 1942. Following the reorganization of the Army Air Corps into the USAAF in June 1941, Doolittle was promoted to lieutenant colonel on January 2, 1942, and assigned to Army Air Forces Headquarters to plan the first retaliatory air raid on the Japanese homeland following the attack on Pearl Harbor. He volunteered for and received General H. H. Arnold's approval to lead the top secret attack of 16 B-25 medium bombers from the aircraft carrier USS  Hornet, with targets in Tokyo, Kobe, Yokohama, Osaka and Nagoya. After training at Eglin Field and Wagner Field in northwest Florida, Doolittle, his aircraft and volunteer flight crews proceeded to McClellan Field, California for aircraft modifications at the Sacramento Air Depot, followed by a short final flight to Naval Air Station Alameda, California for embarkation aboard the aircraft carrier USS Hornet. On April 18, Doolittle and his 16 B-25 crews took off from the Hornet, reached Japan, and bombed their targets. Fifteen of the planes then headed for their recovery airfield in China, while one crew chose to land in Russia due to their bomber's unusually high fuel consumption. As did most of the other crewmen who participated in the one-way mission, Doolittle and his crew bailed out safely over China when their B-25 ran out of fuel. By then, they had been flying for about 12 hours, it was nighttime, the weather was stormy, and Doolittle was unable to locate their landing field. Doolittle came down in a rice paddy (saving a previously injured ankle from breaking) near Chuchow ( Quzhou). He and his crew linked up after the bailout and were helped through Japanese lines by Chinese guerrillas and American missionary John Birch. Other aircrews were not so fortunate, although most eventually reached safety with the help of friendly Chinese. Seven crew members lost their lives, four as a result of being captured and murdered by the Japanese and three due to an aircraft crash or while parachuting. Doolittle thought he would be court martialed due to having to launch the raid ahead of schedule after being spotted by Japanese patrol boats and the loss of all the aircraft. Doolittle went on to fly more combat missions as commander of the 12th Air Force in North Africa, for which he was awarded four Air Medals. He later commanded the 12th, 15th and 8th Air Forces in Europe. [10] The other surviving members of the Doolittle raid also went on to new assignments. Doolittle received the Medal of Honor from President Franklin D. Roosevelt at the White House for planning and leading his raid on Japan. His citation reads: "For conspicuous leadership above and beyond the call of duty, involving personal valor and intrepidity at an extreme hazard to life. With the apparent certainty of being forced to land in enemy territory or to perish at sea, Lt. Doolittle personally led a squadron of Army bombers, manned by volunteer crews, in a highly destructive raid on the Japanese mainland. " He was also promoted to brigadier general. [10] The Doolittle Raid is viewed by historians as a major morale-building victory for the United States. Although the damage done to Japanese war industry was minor, the raid showed the Japanese that their homeland was vulnerable to air attack, [11] and forced them to withdraw several front-line fighter units from Pacific war zones for homeland defense. More significantly, Japanese commanders considered the raid deeply embarrassing, and their attempt to close the perceived gap in their Pacific defense perimeter led directly to the decisive American victory at the Battle of Midway in June 1942. When asked from where the Tokyo raid was launched, President Roosevelt coyly said its base was Shangri-La, a fictional paradise from the popular novel Lost Horizon. In the same vein, the U. Navy named one of its Essex -class fleet carriers the USS  Shangri-La. [10] World War II, post-raid [ edit] In July 1942, as a brigadier general —he had been promoted by two grades on the day after the Tokyo attack, bypassing the rank of full colonel —Doolittle was assigned to the nascent Eighth Air Force. This followed his rejection by General Douglas MacArthur as commander of the South West Pacific Area to replace Major General George Brett. Major General Frank Andrews first turned down the position, and, offered a choice between George Kenney and Doolittle, MacArthur chose Kenney. [12] In September, Doolittle became commanding general of the Twelfth Air Force, soon to be operating in North Africa. He was promoted to major general in November 1942, and in March 1943 became commanding general of the Northwest African Strategic Air Force, a unified command of U. Army Air Force and Royal Air Force units. In September, he commanded a raid against the Italian town of Battipaglia that was so thorough in its destruction that General Carl Andrew Spaatz sent him a joking message: "You're slipping Jimmy. There's one crabapple tree and one stable still standing. " [13] Maj. Gen. Doolittle took command of the Fifteenth Air Force in the Mediterranean Theater of Operations in November 1943. On June 10, he flew as co-pilot with Jack Sims, fellow Tokyo Raider, in a B-26 Marauder of the 320th Bombardment Group, 442nd Bombardment Squadron on a mission to attack gun emplacements at Pantelleria. Doolittle continued to fly, despite the risk of capture, while being privy to the Ultra secret, which was that the German encryption systems had been broken by the British. [14] From January 1944 to September 1945, he held his largest command, the Eighth Air Force (8 AF) in England as a lieutenant general, his promotion date being March 13, 1944 and the highest rank ever held by an active reserve officer in modern times. Doolittle's breakthrough in fighter tactics [ edit] Doolittle's major influence on the European air war occurred early in 1943 when he changed the policy requiring escorting fighters to remain with their bombers at all times, allowing fighter escorts to fly far ahead of the bombers' combat box formations in air supremacy mode. Throughout most of 1944, this tactic negated the effectiveness of the twin-engined Zerstörergeschwader heavy fighter wings and single-engined Sturmgruppen of heavily armed Fw 190As by clearing the Luftwaffe 's bomber destroyers from ahead of the bomber formations. After the bombers had hit their targets, the American fighters were free to strafe German airfields and transportation on their return to base. These tasks were initially performed with Lockheed P-38 Lightnings and Republic P-47 Thunderbolts through the end of 1943. They were progressively replaced with the long-ranged North American P-51 Mustangs as the spring of 1944 wore on. [15] [16] Post-VE Day [ edit] Personalized photo of General Jimmy Doolittle After the end of war on Europe, the Eighth Air Force was re-equipped with B-29 Superfortress bombers and started to relocate to Okinawa in southern Japan. Two bomb groups had begun to arrive on August 7. However, the 8th was not scheduled to be at full strength until February 1946 and Doolittle declined to rush 8th Air Force units into combat saying that "If the war is over, I will not risk one airplane nor a single bomber crew member just to be able to say the 8th Air Force had operated against the Japanese in Asia. " Postwar [ edit] Doolittle Board [ edit] Secretary of War Robert P. Patterson asked Doolittle on March 27, 1946 to head a commission on the relationships between officers and enlisted men in the Army called the "Doolittle Board" or the "GI Gripes Board". The Army implemented many of the board's recommendations for the postwar volunteer Army, [17] though many professional officers and noncommissioned officers thought that the Board "destroyed the discipline of the Army". [18] Columnist Hanson Baldwin said that the Doolittle Board "caused severe damage to service effectiveness by recommendations intended to 'democratize' the Army—a concept that is self-contradictory". [19] U. space program [ edit] Doolittle became acquainted with the field of space science in its infancy. He wrote in his autobiography, "I became interested in rocket development in the 1930s when I met Robert H. Goddard, who laid the foundation [in the US].... While with Shell [Oil] I worked with him on the development of a type of [rocket] fuel.... " [20] Harry Guggenheim, whose foundation sponsored Goddard's work, and Charles Lindbergh, who encouraged Goddard's efforts, arranged for (then Major) Doolittle to discuss with Goddard a special blend of gasoline. Doolittle piloted himself to Roswell, New Mexico in October 1938 and was given a tour of Goddard's workshop and a "short course" in rocketry and space travel. He then wrote a memo, including a rather detailed description of Goddard's rocket. In closing he said, "interplanetary transportation is probably a dream of the very distant future, but with the moon only a quarter of a million miles away—who knows! " [21] In July 1941 he wrote Goddard that he was still interested in rocket propulsion research. The Army, however, was interested only in JATO at this point. Doolittle was concerned about the state of rocketry in the US and remained in touch with Goddard. [21]: 1443 Shortly after World War II, Doolittle spoke to an American Rocket Society conference at which a large number interested in rocketry attended. The topic was Robert Goddard's work. He later stated that at that time "... we [the aeronautics field in the US] had not given much credence to the tremendous potential of rocketry. [22] In 1956, he was appointed chairman of the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA) because the previous chairman, Jerome C. Hunsaker, thought Doolittle to be more sympathetic to the rocket, which was increasing in importance as a scientific tool as well as a weapon. [20]: 516 The NACA Special Committee on Space Technology was organized in January 1958 and chaired by Guy Stever to determine the requirements of a national space program and what additions were needed to NACA technology. Doolittle, Dr. Hugh Dryden and Stever selected committee members, such as Dr. Wernher von Braun from the Army Ballistic Missile Agency, Sam Hoffman of Rocketdyne, Abe Hyatt of the Office of Naval Research and Colonel Norman Appold from the USAF missile program, considering their potential contributions to US space programs and ability to educate NACA people in space science. [23] On 5 January 1946, Doolittle reverted to inactive reserve status in the Army Air Forces in the grade of lieutenant general, a rarity in those days when nearly all other reserve officers were limited to the rank of major general or rear admiral, a restriction that would not end in the US armed forces until the 21st century. He retired from the United States Army on 10 May 1946. On 18 September 1947, his reserve commission as a general officer was transferred to the newly established United States Air Force. Doolittle returned to Shell Oil as a vice president, and later as a director. In the summer of 1946, Doolittle went to Stockholm where he was consulted about the " ghost rockets " that had been observed over Scandinavia. [24] In 1947, Doolittle also became the first president of the Air Force Association, an organization which he helped create. In 1948, Doolittle advocated the desegregation of the US military. "I am convinced", emphasized Doolittle, "that the solution to the situation is to forget that they are colored. " Industry was in the process of integrating, Doolittle said, "and it is going to be forced on the military. You are merely postponing the inevitable and you might as well take it gracefully. " [25] In March 1951, Doolittle was appointed a special assistant to the Chief of Staff of the Air Force, serving as a civilian in scientific matters which led to Air Force ballistic missile and space programs. In 1952, following a string of three air crashes in two months at Elizabeth, New Jersey, the President of the United States, Harry S. Truman, appointed him to lead a presidential commission examining the safety of urban airports. The report "Airports and Their Neighbors" led to zoning requirements for buildings near approaches, early noise control requirements, and initial work on "super airports" with 10, 000 ft runways, suited to 150 ton aircraft. Doolittle was appointed a life member of the MIT Corporation, the university's board of trustees, an uncommon permanent appointment, and served as an MIT Corporation Member for 40 years. [26] In 1954, President Dwight D. Eisenhower asked Doolittle to perform a study of the Central Intelligence Agency; The resulting work was known as the Doolittle Report, 1954, and was classified for a number of years. In January 1956, Eisenhower asked Doolittle to serve as a member on the first edition of the President's Board of Consultants on Foreign Intelligence Activities which, years later, would become known as the President's Intelligence Advisory Board. [ citation needed] From 1957 to 1958, he was chairman of the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA). This period was during the events of Sputnik, Vanguard and Explorer. He was the last person to hold this position, as the NACA was superseded by NASA. Doolittle was offered the job of being the first administrator of NASA, but he turned it down. [27] Doolittle retired from Air Force Reserve duty on February 28, 1959. He remained active in other capacities, including chairman of the board of TRW Space Technology Laboratories. In 1972, Doolittle received the Tony Jannus Award for his distinguished contributions to commercial aviation, in recognition of the development of instrument flight. On April 4, 1985, the U. Congress promoted Doolittle to the rank of full four-star general (O-10) on the U. Air Force retired list. In a later ceremony, President Ronald Reagan and U. Senator and retired Air Force Reserve Major General Barry Goldwater pinned on Doolittle's four-star insignia. In addition to his Medal of Honor for the Tokyo raid, Doolittle received the Presidential Medal of Freedom, two Distinguished Service Medals, the Silver Star, three Distinguished Flying Crosses, the Bronze Star Medal, four Air Medals, and decorations from Belgium, China, Ecuador, France, Great Britain, and Poland. He was the first American to be awarded both the Medal of Honor and the Medal of Freedom. Doolittle also was awarded the Public Welfare Medal from the National Academy of Sciences in 1959. [28] In 1983, he was awarded the United States Military Academy 's Sylvanus Thayer Award. He was inducted in the Motorsports Hall of Fame of America as the only member of the air racing category in the inaugural class of 1989, and into the Aerospace Walk of Honor in the inaugural class of 1990. [29] The headquarters of the United States Air Force Academy Association of Graduates (AOG) on the grounds of the United States Air Force Academy is named Doolittle Hall. On May 9, 2007, The new 12th Air Force Combined Air Operations Center (CAOC), Building 74, at Davis-Monthan Air Force Base in Tucson, Arizona, was named in his honor as the "General James H. Doolittle Center". Several surviving members of the Doolittle Raid were in attendance during the ribbon cutting ceremony. Personal life [ edit] Doolittle photographed in 1986 Doolittle married Josephine "Joe" E. Daniels on December 24, 1917. At a dinner celebration after Jimmy Doolittle's first all-instrument flight in 1929, Josephine Doolittle asked her guests to sign her white damask tablecloth. Later, she embroidered the names in black. She continued this tradition, collecting hundreds of signatures from the aviation world. The tablecloth was donated to the Smithsonian Institution. Married for over 70 years, Josephine Doolittle died in 1988, five years before her husband. The Doolittles had two sons, James Jr., and John. Both became military officers and pilots. James Jr. was an A-26 Invader pilot in the U. Army Air Forces during World War II and later a fighter pilot in the U. Air Force in the late 1940s through the late 1950s. He died by suicide at the age of thirty-eight in 1958. [30] At the time of his death, James Jr. was a Major and commander of the 524th Fighter-Bomber Squadron, piloting the F-101 Voodoo. [31] His other son, John P. Doolittle, retired from the Air Force as a Colonel, and his grandson, Colonel James H. Doolittle III, was the vice commander of the Air Force Flight Test Center at Edwards Air Force Base, California. James H. "Jimmy" Doolittle died at the age of 96 in Pebble Beach, California on September 27, 1993, and is buried at Arlington National Cemetery in Virginia, near Washington, D. C., next to his wife. [32] In his honor at the funeral, there was also a flyover of Miss Mitchell, a lone B-25 Mitchell, and USAF Eighth Air Force bombers from Barksdale Air Force Base, Louisiana. After a brief graveside service, fellow Doolittle Raider Bill Bower began the final tribute on the bugle. When emotion took over, Doolittle's great-grandson, Paul Dean Crane, Jr., played Taps. [33] Doolittle was initiated to the Scottish Rite Freemasonry, [34] [35] where he took the 33rd degree, [36] [37] becoming also a Shriner. [38] Dates of military rank [ edit] Insignia Rank Component Date No insignia Private First Class United States Army November 10, 1917 Aviation Cadet October 6, 1917 Second Lieutenant Officers Reserve Corps March 11, 1918 U. Army Air Service September 19, 1920 First Lieutenant March 17, 1921 Resigned February 15, 1930 Major Specialist Reserve March 5, 1930 Army of the United States July 1, 1940 Lieutenant Colonel January 2, 1942 Brigadier General April 19, 1942 Major General November 20, 1942 Lieutenant General March 13, 1944 U. Army, Retired January 5, 1946 Army Reserve May 10, 1946 Air Force Reserve September 18, 1947 Air Force Reserve, Retired List February 28, 1959 General April 4, 1985 [39] Military and civilian awards [ edit] Doolittle's military and civilian decorations include the following: Medal of Honor Army Distinguished Service Medal with bronze oak leaf cluster Silver Star Distinguished Flying Cross with two bronze oak leaf clusters Bronze Star Medal Air Medal with three bronze oak leaf clusters Presidential Medal of Freedom World War I Victory Medal American Defense Service Medal with one service star American Campaign Medal Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal with bronze campaign star European-African-Middle Eastern Campaign Medal with silver and three bronze campaign star European-African-Middle Eastern Campaign Medal (second ribbon required for accouterment spacing) World War II Victory Medal Air Force Longevity Service Award with four bronze oak leaf clusters Armed Forces Reserve Medal with bronze hourglass device Order of the Condor of the Andes, Officer (Bolivia) Order of Abdon Calderón (Ecuador) Order of Ouissam Alaouite, Knight (Morocco) Croix de Guerre, with Palm (Belgium) Légion d'honneur, Grand-Cross (France) Croix de Guerre, with Palm (France) Order of the Bath (United Kingdom) Order of Polonia Restituta, (Krzyż Kawalerski) (Poland) Medal of the Armed Forces, A-1 (Republic of China) Medal of Honor citation [ edit] Rank and organization: Brigadier General, U. Army Air Corps Place and date: Over Japan Entered service at: Berkley, Calif. Birth: Alameda, Calif. G. O. No. : 29, 9 June 1942 Citation: For conspicuous leadership above the call of duty, involving personal valor and intrepidity at an extreme hazard to life. With the apparent certainty of being forced to land in enemy territory or to perish at sea, Gen. [40] Other awards and honors [ edit] Doolittle also received the following awards and honors: Awards In 1972, he was awarded the Horatio Alger Award, which is given to those who are dedicated community leaders who demonstrate individual initiative and a commitment to excellence; as exemplified by remarkable achievements accomplished through honesty, hard work, self-reliance and perseverance over adversity. The Horatio Alger Association of Distinguished Americans, Inc. bears the name of the renowned author Horatio Alger, Jr., whose tales of overcoming adversity through unyielding perseverance and basic moral principles captivated the public in the late 19th century. [41] On December 11, 1981, Doolittle was awarded Honorary Naval Aviator wings in recognition of his many years of support of military aviation by Chief of Naval Operations Admiral Thomas B. Hayward. [42] In 1983, Doolittle was awarded the Sylvanus Thayer Award. Honors The city of Doolittle, Missouri, located 5 miles west of Rolla was named in his honor after World War II. Doolittle was invested into the Sovereign Order of Cyprus and his medallion is now on display at the Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum. His Bolivian Order of the Condor of the Andes is in the collection of the Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum. [43] In 1967, James H. Doolittle was inducted into the National Aviation Hall of Fame. Flying magazine ranked him 6th on its list of the 51 Heroes of Aviation. [44] The Society of Experimental Test Pilots annually presents the James H. Doolittle Award in his memory. The award is for "outstanding accomplishment in technical management or engineering achievement in aerospace technology". Inducted into the International Air & Space Hall of Fame at the San Diego Air & Space Museum in 1966. [45] The oldest residence hall on Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University's campus, Doolittle Hall (1968), was named after General James Harold "Jimmy" Doolittle. He was inducted into the Motorsports Hall of Fame of America in 1989. [46] Doolittle Avenue, a residential street in Arcadia, California, is named for Jimmy Doolittle, according to a longtime resident. In popular culture [ edit] Spencer Tracy played Doolittle in Mervyn LeRoy 's 1944 film Thirty Seconds Over Tokyo. This portrayal has received much praise. Alec Baldwin played Doolittle in Michael Bay 's 2001 film Pearl Harbor. Aaron Eckhart played Doolittle in Roland Emmerich 's 2019 film Midway. Bob Clampett 's 1946 cartoon Baby Bottleneck briefly portrays a dog named "Jimmy Do-quite-a-little", who invents a failed rocketship. See also [ edit] List of Medal of Honor recipients for World War II Aviation history References [ edit] ^ a b "GENERAL JAMES HAROLD DOOLITTLE > U. Air Force > Biography Display".. Retrieved July 6, 2019. ^ "Gen. Jimmy Doolittle Dies; War Hero, Aviation Pioneer: Flight: The celebrated ace, who grew up on the L. A. streets, was 96. He led daring 1942 Tokyo bombing raid". Los Angeles Times. September 28, 1993. ISSN   0458-3035. Retrieved July 6, 2019. ^ "Jimmy Doolittle Given Fourth Star by Reagan". Associated Press. June 14, 1985 – via LA Times. ^ "General James Jimmy" (PDF). ^ Berliner 2009, p. 37. ^ Quigley, Samantha L. "Detroit Defied Reality to Help Win World War II". United Service Organizations. Retrieved January 8, 2016. ^ Flight October 29, 1925, p. 703. ^ Donald M. Pattillo. A History in the Making: 80 Turbulent Years in the American General Aviation Industry. p. 16. ^ Herman, Arthur. Freedom's Forge: How American Business Produced Victory in World War II, pp. 114, 219–22, 239, 279, Random House, New York, NY. ISBN   978-1-4000-6964-4. ^ a b c "From Shangri-La to Tokyo: The Doolittle Raid, April 18, 1942".. ^ "Last of WW2 'Doolittle Raiders' Dick Cole dies aged 103". April 9, 2019 – via. ^ Wolk 2003, pp. 21–22. ^ Antony Beevor (2012). The Second World War. p. 503. ISBN   978-0-7538-2824-3. ^ G. Spaulding, CAPT, USN (Ret). "Enigmatic Man". Retrieved November 20, 2010. CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( link) ^ "Effect of the North American P-51 Mustang On the Air War in Europe".. Retrieved December 18, 2019. ^ Editors, History com. "James H. Doolittle". HISTORY. Retrieved December 18, 2019. CS1 maint: extra text: authors list ( link) ^ p. 154 Brown, Jerold E. Historical Dictionary of the U. Army Greenwood Publishing Group, 2001 ^ p. 105 Zellers, Larry In Enemy Hands: A Prisoner in North Korea University Press of Kentucky, 1 Nov 1999 ^ p. 51 Bogle, Lori L. The Pentagon's Battle for the American Mind: The Early Cold War Texas A&M University Press, 12 Oct 2004 ^ a b Doolittle, General James H. "Jimmy" with Carroll V. Glines (1991). I Could Never Be So Lucky Again. New York: Bantam Books. p. 515. ^ a b Goddard, Esther and G. Edward Pendray, eds. (1970). The Papers of Robert H. Goddard, 3 vols. New York: McGraw-Hill Book Co. pp. 1208–16. CS1 maint: extra text: authors list ( link) ^ Putnam, William D. ; Emme, Eugene M. (September 2012). "I Was There: "The Tremendous Potential of Rocketry " ". Air and Space Magazine. Smithsonian Institution. Retrieved December 16, 2015. ^ Bilstein, Roger E. (1980). Stages to Saturn. Gainesville: University Press of Florida. p. 34. ^ John Keel (1996). Operation Trojan Horse (PDF). p. 122. ISBN   978-0962653469. Archived from the original (PDF) on April 20, 2013. ^ Wolk, Herman S. (1998). "When the Color Line Ended". Air Force Magazine. 81 (7). ^ "Members of the MIT Corporation".. ^ Putnam, William D. and Eugene M. Emme (September 2012). "I Was There: "The Tremendous Potential of Rocketry". " AIR & SPACE Magazine. Retrieved December 16, 2015. ^ "Public Welfare Award". National Academy of Sciences. Archived from the original on December 29, 2010. Retrieved February 17, 2011. ^ Kaplan, Tracey (September 23, 1990). "Ground-Level Monuments Honor Heroes of the Air". The Los Angeles Times. Los Angeles, California. p. 840 – via ^ Rife, Susan L. (July 20, 2006). "My grandfather The General". Herald Tribune. Retrieved May 1, 2009. ^ "Lewiston Evening Journal – Google News Archive Search".. ^ "James Harold Doolittle, General, United States Air Force".. ^ "Post Mortem – Bill Bower dies; Doolittle Raider was last surviving pilot".. ^ "Famous masons". Dalhousie Lodge F. & A. M., Newtonville, Massachusetts. Archived from the original on September 3, 2018. ^ "List of notable freemasons".. Archived from the original on October 4, 2001. Retrieved October 4, 2018. ^ "Celebrating More Than 100 Years of Freemasonry: Famous Masons in History". Matawan Lodhe N0 192 F&AM, New Jersey. Archived from the original on September 30, 2018. Retrieved October 13, 2018. Jimmy Doolittle, 33°, Grand Cross. ^ "Gallery of famous masons".. Archived from the original on October 6, 2016. Retrieved October 13, 2018. ^ "James Harold "Jimmy" Doolittle Passes Away".. Archived from the original on October 13, 2018. with special dispensation from the Grand Lodge of California and the Grand Lodge of Louisiana, Doolittle was given all three degrees on August 16th, 1918 in Lake Charles Lodge No. 16. ^ Official Register of Commissioned Officers of the United States Army, 1926. pg. 165. ^ "World War II (A-F); Doolittle, Jimmy entry". Medal of Honor recipients. United States Army Center of Military History. August 3, 2009. Archived from the original on June 16, 2008. Retrieved March 21, 2010. ^ "Horatio Alger Association Member Information". Archived from the original on September 13, 2012. Retrieved July 8, 2014. ^ "Honorary Naval Aviator Designations" (PDF). U. Navy History Office. Retrieved April 12, 2016. ^ "Go Flight". National Air and Space Museum. June 23, 2016. ^ "51 Heroes of Aviation". Flying Magazine. ^ "San Diego Air & Space Museum – Historical Balboa Park, San Diego".. ^ Jimmy Doolittle at the Motorsports Hall of Fame of America Bibliography [ edit] External video Presentation by Jonna Doolittle Hoppes on Calculated Risk: The Extraordinary Life of Jimmy Doolittle, Aviation Pioneer and World War II Hero, May 18, 2006, C-SPAN Berliner, Don (December 2009 – January 2010). "The Big Race of 1910". Air & Space. 24 (6): 34–39. Doolittle, James H. ; Glines, Carroll V. (1991). I Could Never Be So Lucky Again: An Autobiography. Bantam Books. ISBN   978-0553078077. Carroll V. Glines (1972). Jimmy Doolittle: Daredevil Aviator and Scientist. Macmillan. OCLC   488509. Jonna Doolittle Hoppes (2005). Calculated Risk. ISBN   1-891661-44-2. "The 1925 Schneider Trophy Race". Flight. London: 703. October 29, 1925. Wolk, Herman S. (2003). Fulcrum of Power: Essays on the United States Air Force and National Security (PDF). Washington, D. C. : Air Force History and Museums Program. Retrieved October 31, 2013. SSG Cornelius Seon (Retired) (adapted public domain text). "United States Air Force". Archived from the original on April 29, 2009. Retrieved March 21, 2010. External links [ edit] "Arlington National Cemetery Website – James Harold Doolittle". Retrieved March 21, 2010. "Travis Air Museum, supporting the Jimmy Doolittle Air & Space Museum". Retrieved March 21, 2010. "Maritimequest Doolittle Raid Photo Gallery". Retrieved March 21, 2010. William R. Wilson. "Article: Jimmy Doolittle Reminiscences About World War II". Archived from the original on September 7, 2008. Retrieved March 21, 2010. "Medal of Honor recipients on film". Retrieved March 21, 2010. "Interview with granddaughter Joanna Doolittle Hoppes at the Pritzker Military Library". Retrieved March 21, 2010. "". Retrieved March 21, 2010. Media The short film 15 AF HERITAGE – HIGH STRATEGY – BOMBER AND TANKERS TEAM (1980) is available for free download at the Internet Archive The short film ACTIVITIES OF THE U. ARMY AIR SERVICE (1925) is available for free download at the Internet Archive "Doolittle Tames the Gee Bee" Story of the 1932 Thompson Trophy race. Includes quotes, photos, video.

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Martin-James Doyon... tech animator: MPC Alex Drinkall... senior capture technician: Clear Angle Studios Dave Duarte... capture technician: Clear Angle Studios Marcus Duprat... Effects Technical Director Mireia Duran Huguet... techanim artist Alberto Díaz... senior compositor Matthew Eberle... visual effects data wrangler Christopher Edwards... Visualization Executive Producer: The Third Floor Inc Tim Emeis... Peter Evemy... lighting td Joan Fang... visual effects production assistant Ari Feblowitz... Nicolas Felcyn... Joann Fernandes... Digital Compositor at MPC / MPC Emelia Fiell... technology production manager: Framestore Hesam Firouznia... CFX Artist: MPC Jonathan Flanders... Heather Flynn... Mike Ford... Karim Fradin... lead layout td Mathias Frodin... in-house compositing supervisor Keiran Froom... FX Artist: Framestore Pawl Fulker... lead previs supervisor: Proof, Inc Nelson Gabriel... Akash Gade... Dennis Anthony Gamarra Lyon... Estefania Garcia... lighting artist Marion Gasqui... visual effects editor: MPC Mélanie Geley... Digital matte painter Hoss Ghaith... Senior Lighting Artist Ahmed Ghazy... Senior Groom TD: Framestore Yogeshwar Ghodake... Mohamed Ghouse... senior compositor: MPC, Montreal Mike Gilbert... Senior Environment TD: Proof Inc Agustin Ezequiel Gonzalez... Key Artist MPC Mitch Gonzalez... Raul Gonzalez... Sam Gough... 3D Scanning Technician / photogrammetry 3d scan artist Sivan Goundar... Lead Layout Megan Graham... Stereoscopic Compositor Monty Granito... animatic artist Luke Gray... pipeline technical director Joshua Green... paint & roto artist: framestore David Greig... Dean Grubb... senior effects technical director Akshay Gs... Software Analyst, MPC Mikhail Gubkin... effects technical director Anisha Gupta... Senior Lighting Artist: visual effects Benjamin Guy... matchmove artist Nicolas Guyon... Thomas Haley-Hermiz... Technical Director: Stereo D Chad Jonathan Hall... Technical Animator: MPC (as Chad Hall) Wyatt Hannon... visual effects coordinator: Universal Luke Hardisty... Annick Harmel-Tourneur... senior lighter Ty Harmon... Jun-Lin Harries... lead rigging td: MPC Dylan Harris... Rick Harris... digital artist: 3D scanning- Clear Angle Studios Aston Hart... Patrick Haskew... visualization lead: The Third Floor Inc Andrea Hathazi... Daniel Hazeltine... visual effects artist: Clear Angle Studios Robert Hemmings... lead previsualization artist: Proof, Inc Isabelle Henault... Production Manager Oliver Hermann... technical animator: MPC Omar Hernández Peña... key techanim artist: MPC Film Boris Hiestand... sketchvis artist Erin Hill... visual effects line producer Eric Hollands... fx technical director: Luma Pictures Andrew Honacker... Paul Hopkins... Rebecca Hopkinson... Ceen Hu... Pulkit Huda... Matchmove Artist: Trace VFX David Hyde... vfx lead witness operator Aaron Ibañez Ferris... Hamid Ibrahim... rigging td: MPC Benoit Imbert... Giorgio Iovino... lead matte painter: MPC Kieran Irwin... Assistant VFX Editor Alexander Isaksson... Andrew Jacobs... visualization artist: The Third Floor Inc / visualization coordinator: The Third Floor Inc Lionel Jacobs... Alex James... asset artist: Luma Pictures Woonha Jang... Shruti Janu... senior animator: MPC Gustavo Bertran Jimenez... layout artist: MPC Cyril John... Subash Jude... key lighting artist: MPC, Montreal Austin Judovsky... Shannon Justison... Siam Kamli Champagne... Visual effects production coordinator Gurpreet Kandhola... Arunan Kannan... Software Analyst: MPC Mayank Kanyal... lighting TD: MPC Kotamraju Karthik... visual effects coordinator (Asia-Pacific) Sudheesh Kattil... Tim Keene... Andrew Kennedy... senior technical director: Stereo D Dulshan Keragala... senior asset artist: Luma Pictures Anthea Kerou... Animation Supervisor John Kesig... FX Artist: MPC Andrey Khankash... Akshay Khanna... Ganesh Khanra... modeler: visual effects Tristan Kilmer... Jack Kilyan... lead paint and roto artist Eun Kyung Kim... Sudheesh Kk... Richard Klein... Postvis Modeler: Proof, Inc. Shrinidhi Kodanduru... lead digital artist: MPC Jadeesh Kodiyil... digital artist Paul Koontz... Vincent Koopmans... Allie Koppel... head of finance: The Third Floor Inc Vaibhav Kotak... Konstantinos Koutsoliotas... key artist: MPC Gopi Krishnan... Abdelrahman Kubisi... Modeller: Framestore Christian Kugler... senior digital matte painter Bartek Kujbida... lead animator: MPC Ashwin Kumar... rotovfx/alien supervisor/HOD Kranthi Kumar... Madhav Kumar... modelling artist Praveen Kumar... Rotoanim/Rotomation lead Jakub Kupcik... lighting key artist Julian Körrenz... lead compositor: MPC Brian LaBrec... 3D Scanning Technician: Clear Angle Studios Mariano Lacerna... Loïcia Lagillier... 3d environment artist: MPC Joanne Laidlow... Erran Lake... Lead Data Wrangler David Lamb... Kasper Larsson... Previs Rigger: Proof, Inc. Javier Ruiz Latorre... Lighting Artist MPC Victor Latour... Kim Lavery... executive producer: gentle giant studios Lok-Kei Law... Claudia Lechen... compositor: Framestore Herman Lee... Marco Lee... Pier Lefebvre... DFX supervisor: MPC Igor Lementy... senior fx artist: MPC Juan Carlos Lepe... Arthur Leung... Louisa Hoi-Tung Leung... Ariel Levental... Hamilton Lewis... visualization supervisor: The Third Floor Inc Jesse Lewis-Evans... Seth Lickiss... stereoscopic compositor Donia Liechti... Emiliano Llamosas... Steven Lo... Chris Loannou... previs modeler: Proof, Inc Remy Loiselle... Krutika Lonandkar... Matchmove & RotoAnim Artist: Trace Vfx Daniel Long... Andreas Loose... cg supervisor: MPC Geoff Lou... Charlie Lovett... Alicia Lowndes... Jordan Lucchino... Jake Lunt Davies... concept artist Andreas Maaninka... cg environment supervisor: MPC Stephen MacKershan... Ruairidh MacNeill... Francois Madere... lighting lead Amy Madigan... senior vfx coordinator: stereo d Kevin Mah... head of effects: MPC Sarah Mahan... Lee Maher... visual effects coordinator: Framestore Krisztian Majdik... Yael Majors... assistant finaling supervisor Mikhail Mamedov... technical animation artist Jo Manawa... Visual Effects Production: MPC (as Joanna Manawa) Samuel Felix Eugene Martono... Kelly Matthews... visual effects production Natalia Matveenko... compositor: Lola VFX Kindra McCall... stereoscopic depth artist DeJuan McCoy... Lighting artist: MPC Daniel McCue... Brooke McGowan... Simon McKelleget... Digital Compositor: MPC Zoe Medcraft... Ariel Rafael Suero Medina... Adamya Mehta... Martin L. Mercer... sketch viz storyboards Chloé Mesnage... Lead lighting Veronique Messier Lauzon... Visual effects producer: MPC Aylin Meyer... Jack Millar... on-set vfx pa Janna Miller... stereo production supervisor: Stereo D Lisa Minotti... Baptiste Miquel... Shane Miranda... Digital Matte Painter Annie Mitchell... Sasha Mitchell... 3d lidar scanning services: Lidar Lounge Kevin Monge... Chris Montesano... pipeline supervisor Niall Mooney... Skye Morandin... Production Coordinator: Stereo D Alexia Moreno Obando... Fernando Morillo... Key FX artist: MPC Dario Morittu... Bruce Morris... William Morrison... lead fx artist: MPC Emmanuel Moulun... Henry Mountain... Photogrammetry 3D Scan Artist: Gentle Giant Studios Sarah Moussaif... Digital Producer Ahmed El-Shahat Moustafa... Senior effects technical director Tom Mulhall... Mattia Munafò... modeling-surfacing-texturing Jeremy Munro... Chintapalli MuraliKrishna... Aly Musso... ingest/delivery department Olivier Nadeau... lighting lead: MPC Monish Nair... Emmi Nakagawa... associate production manager: The Third Floor Inc Kelly Kehaulani Nakasone... Rishikesh Nandlaskar... Senior Modeller Macha Nater... Sébastien Nebout... environment td: Framestore Stuart Nelhams... previs editor: Proof, Inc Manesh Nepali... compositor: MPC Charlie Nevett... VFX Editor Pete C. Newbauer... Thom Newell... Gary Newman... lead texture artist: Framestore Nicolette Newman... senior texture artist: framestore Marcelino Newquist... Trent Newton... ingest/delivery department: Stereo D Aaron Ng... visual effects coordinator: MPC Giang T. Nguyen... senior visual effects artist: MPC Bryce Nielsen... visual effects consultant Timothee Nolasco... lead creature fx Tabitha O'Connell... 2D Sketchvis artist Roma O'Connor... Jeremy Oddo... Head of IT Adam Ohl... Daniella Olea... Felipe Olid Guerrero... digital compositor: framestore Miguel Oliveira... Adele Olsauskaite... previsualisation artist: Proof, Inc Sarah Ostrick... techanim artist: MPC Markus Oswald... visual effects artist: MPC Nya Ouellette-Ranger... layout artist Rebecca Oxford... Christophe Pacaud... Sivakumar Padala... Lighting Lead Melody Pang... Federico Pansardi... Nirajkumar Parmar... Carlos Parmentier... effects technical director: FRAMESTORE Marcos Parmentier... Visual Effects Artist: MPC Abhijit Parsekar... Senior Animator: MPC Chantal Partamian... Irshad Patel... Matthew Patience... Jeremy Patterson... Allison Paul... visual effects producer: Lola Visual Effects Josh Payne... Henry Pearce... lead 3d scanning technician: gentle giant studios Jeff Penick... compositor Simone Petracca... Airam Peña... crowd td Long-Hai Pham... Stephen Archer Phillips... Nicolas Pierquin... Concept artist: luma pictures Manuel Pintarelli... roto & paint artist Anastasia Pirchio... Ioana Alexandra Pirvu... facial modeler Gabriella Placourakis... Production Assistant: Lola VFX Jason Pomerantz... Post Production Supervisor: Stereo D Adela Popescu... VFX Production Coordinator Eddie Porter... lead compositor: Luma Pictures Justin Porter... junior pipeline td: Luma Pictures Sameer Prem... Gary Priest... Derek N. Prusak... post production manager: Deluxe 3D/Stereo D Jana Psenkova... Lauren Puntillo... head of marketing: The Third Floor Inc Rémi Pécout... layout technical director Marius Pörsel... environment artist Mohammad Qasim... Sébastien Raets... Sebastián Raffaele... Gerardo Ramirez... Marcos Ramone... environment look dev td Akshay Rana... Rob Rankin... Digital Compositor: Framestore Douglas Rappin... postvis artist: Proof Kisholay Ray... production coordinator: Deluxe StereoD Janine Recio... Julia Reck... Patrick Redmond... lead look development artist Almu Redondo... 2d artist Kayleigh Reeves-Deane... paint and roto artist: Framestore Werner Reifberger... key environment artist: MPC Ti Ren... Clement Renaudin... cg supervisor: luma pictures Monica Rho... visual effects production manager Dominic Ridley... Photogrammetry cyberscanning services: clear angle studios Mnandi Ridley... visual effects artist: 3D Scanning Melanie Riesen... Texture Artist: Framestore Samir Riman... fx artist Maude Rivard... lead environment Marlon Rivas... postvisualization artist Ed Roberts... 2d sketchvis animator Robbie Roberts... paint & roto artist: Framestore Naomi Rodriguez-Finer... visual effects assistant coordinator Gerard Romea... Ryan D. Romero... digital artist: IMAX Version Maggie Ronan... Jason Ronzani... Emily Roper... visual effects texture photographer Sean Rourke... Tom Rubendall... Noelia Ruiz Rubio... Yves Ruprecht... Nathan Rusch... pipeline technical director: Luma Pictures Francesco Russo... Theresa Ellis Rygiel... visual effects compositor Harikrishnan S.... Wilson Virassamy Sacri... Eulalia Inés Banos Salas... Chakhachiro Sami... visual effects coordinator: MPC Film Jonathan Sanderson... Ricardo Santillana... Shane Saravia... technical director: Stereo D Olivier Sarda... Compositing Supervisor Nick Sargent... lead technical animator Manoj Sarkar... Henrique Saucedo... Craig Saxby... Rahul Saxena... Rotoanim Artist: Rotomation Michele Scavardone... Joshua Seal... Argha Sen... lighting artist: framestore Riccardo Serraiocco... Environment Artist Nimisha Sethi... texture and lookdev Nathaniel Seymour... postvis artist Dixit Shah... Matchmove & RotoAnim Artist Rushabh Shah... stereoscopic compositor: Stereo D Clayton Shank... Adithya Sharma... R. Shashikumar... modeler and sculpting artist Mundel Shaurya... key artist: lighting - Sequence Lead Andrew Shawley... witness camera operator: additional photography Chia Yu Shih... Compositor: MPC Swain Shiv... Maheshwar Shukla... Shyamchand... Key Compositing Artist Lew Silver... Nikhil Simejia... rotomation artist Gabriella Sinella... Assistant Data Wrangler Roma Singh... Antoine Sitruk... visual effects production manager: MPC Rayane Smayra... Dane Allan Smith... executive Producer: The Third Floor Emma Snaddon... VFX Editor: Framestore June Suk So... Satish Kanta Sorensangbam... Ivan Sorgente... Reid Southen... Christophe St-Pierre Paradis... animation supervisor: MPC Monica Stefanelli... Aleksandra Stojanov... Boyan Stoyanov... Lead FX TD Stefano Strabla... surfacing/texture artist: MPC Stéphane Stradella... Matthew Sullivan... Quentin Sur... previsualization artist: Proof, Inc. Behede Suraj... lead modeling artist at MPC Balázs Sántha... Himanshu Talreja... Senior Lighting TD Kevin Tan... Laurentiu A. Tanase... Louis Tavenier... Jalal Tchelebi... senior technical animator Christopher Thellas... Jason Thielen... Johnson Thomasson... Michael Adam Thompson... creature td Steven Tom... Ikegaki Toru... Lighting Key Artist: MPC Peter Toufidis... Lead Matte Painter: MPC Chloé Tousignant... Fabio Tovar... Fabiola Trejo... Dimitri Trouvé... Jean Tsai... visual effects software developer Tina Tsou... Sebastien Uguen... Camille Uliana... Emily Unruh... Line Producer: The Third Floor Inc Aleksandr Uusmees... creature effects technical director Chris Uyede... asset supervisor: MPC Mathieu Vallet... Lead Compositor: MPC Jozef van Eenbergen... lead software developer: MPC Daniel Delgado Vargas... lighting artist MPC Lino Varghese... blendshape artist: MPC Sushidhar Varre... key fx artist: MPC Ana Luisa Vassoler... Environment Artist at MPC Jan Vavrusa... Pablo Velasco... Rahul Venugopal... Digital Matte Painter: framestore Kevin Veynand... Guillaume Vieugue... Rob Vigorito... Compositing TD Amanda Viveiros... Gabriele Vulpitta... Visual Effects Production Coordinator: MPC Georgia Eithne Walker... Alex Walklate... 3D Scan Technician Bhushan Warade... Will Wardle... Beth Warner... Joshua Wassung... Hazel Weatherall... digital artist: 3D Scanning Luke Webster... Environment TD Stuart Whelbourn... Chelsea Whittet... creature fx technical director Michal Whitty... Matthew Wight... paint and roto artist: framestore Michel J. Williams... Anna Joel Wilson... VFX Production Manager Ryan M. Wilson... Jason Wong... vfx artist: Stereo D David James Wood... 3D Scanning Technician Jay Wren... 2d animation assistant vfx artist Gregg Wrenn... Peter M. Wu... Previs/Postvis Artist: Proof Dane Wylie... assistant depth supervisor Hang Yang... FX Artist Hung-Ming Yang... Altug Yilmazer... Aleksandar Yochkolovski... Cross-Show Lead Lighting/Lookdev TD Yuen-Ki Yu... Hsiao Yu-Chieh... Lawrence Zalasky... lead layout artist: MPC Laura Zentil... senior talent manager: The Third Floor Inc Jonathan Zesbaugh... Zhen Zhu... key fx artist Andrew Zink... Xuan Zou... senior visual effects artist Camille Zurcher... Rajesh Babu... associate producer (uncredited) Laia Blanco Oller... CFX artist: MPC (uncredited) JT Milne... technical animation artist: MPC (uncredited) Natalia Urrutia... visual effects artist (uncredited).

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